![]() ![]() So, above is the very basic plan - measure the air input and decide on how long to open the injector - this happens every camshaft revolution. All we are interested in is the basic fuel/air mixture which is provided by measuring air MASS (with a MAF sensor) - the ECU (engine computer) then computes how long to open the injector for: And to do that we are going to look at a single cylinder of our engines and ignore all the other sensors. ![]() To get us going we are going to have to understand adaptations first! ADAPTATIONS Looking at the stored adaptation values gives us a good insight into the condition of the engine and the source of the problems you may be having - so we are going to have to understand them first. There is loads of advice on the Forums that say ‘you need diagnostics’ - but what do you actually do with diagnostics - and what do all those values mean? This document is for those that have engine running problems and want to fix them with the help of diagnostics - in this case we are using INPA. Timm's BMW Engines - Diagnostics and Adaptations What are they all about and how to fix engine running problems This is a big subject - engine running problems and adaptations - especially ‘adaptations at limits’ which light up the engine warning lamp.
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